The current VIN date & time: Eastern

SAIM103-0523: Fluids and Electrolytes II

The lectures for this course will be presented via the Zoom webinar platform.

Presenters: Mary Anna Labato, DVM, DACVIM
Beth Davidow, DVM, ACVECC
Susan Klein, DVM, PVT, ACVIM (SAIM)
Tony Johnson, DVM, DACVECC
Rachael Carpenter, DVM

Course Open: May 9-June 30, 2023
Real Time Sessions (RTS): Tuesdays, May 16, 23, 30, June 6, 13, and 20, 2023; 8:30-10:30 pm ET (USA) World Clock Converter
Total CE Credit: 12
RACE Category: 12 hours Medical


Enrollment is closed.  

Tuition: Member $276 ($248 early bird special if enrolled by April 25, 2023)
Non-Member $413 ($372 early bird special if enrolled by April 25, 2023)
Prices are listed in US dollars.


*Enroll in both Fluids and Electrolytes courses (SAIM102-0423 and SAIM103-0523) before April 16, 2023 and receive the discounted enrollment price: Member $391 Non-Member $599


Course Information:
This is the second course in a 2-course series on fluid therapy and electrolytes (SAIM102-0423, SAIM103-0523). We strongly recommend that you take both courses as they are interdependent.

With clinicians always "striving to be almost as smart as the world's dumbest kidney," the course will focus on the evaluation of the fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base status of clinical small animal patients and the provision of optimal fluid therapy. At the completion of this course, participants will have an improved ability to prescribe fluid therapy for their small animal patients, including those with critical illness and complex medical problems.

This course will introduce electrolyte disorders and build on the concepts from the previous course, SAIM102-0423, to allow participants a master fluid therapy planning for small animal patients with diverse presentations and clinical problems.


Learning Objectives:
Upon completion of the course, the participant should be able to
  • Weeks 1-2: Fundamentals of Fluid Therapy Planning
    • compare resuscitative versus maintenance fluids.
    • establish a fluid therapy plan for an azotemic, hypoalbumenic dog.
    • list indications for the use of colloids.
  • Weeks 3-4: Electrolyte Disorders I
    • understand how to collect samples and minimize sampling error.
    • describe the causes of hypokalemia.
    • choose fluid type, appropriate potassium supplementation (oral or IV) and appropriate rate for treatment of hypokalemia.
    • describe the causes of hyperkalemia and the appropriate fluid and adjunctive treatment for these disorders.
    • describe causes for hypo- and hypermagnesemia.
    • explain why different fluid types may be better than others when treating patients with possible magnesium disorders.
    • describe the causes for hypo- and hyperchloremia.
    • discuss recent literature surrounding chloride content of fluids, and impact on survival.
    • describe the causes for hypocalcemia and hypercalcemia
    • discuss both fluid therapy and briefly touch on adjunctive therapy for underlying disorders.
    • understand the physiology of saline fluid therapy for hypercalcemia.
    • describe the causes for hypophosphatemia and hyperphosphatemia.
    • discuss both fluid therapy and briefly touch on adjunctive therapy for underlying disorders.
  • Weeks 5-6: Special Problems in Fluid Therapy
    • synthesize all the components and concepts from previous sections of the course into a good understanding of the particulars of fluid therapy.
    • determine if a patient would benefit from fluid therapy, and if so, what type of fluid, what rate of fluid and if any additives are required.
    • develop a fluid therapy plan for volume loss/shock, dehydration and special circumstances: anesthesia, CHF, DKA, AKI, etc.
    • understand different types of fluids and explore some novel routes for administration (IO catheter, central lines, NG tubes).
    • understand disorders of sodium and potassium through a case-based example.


Level and Prerequisites: This advanced VIN CE course is open for enrollment to veterinarians interested in the provision of optimal fluid therapy.
Credit Approval: This course is approved for 12 hours of continuing education credit by RACE for veterinarians. (RACE 20-988544)


Course Agenda:

Weeks 1-2 (Real Time Session May 16 and 23, 2023): Fluid Therapy Planning
Presenters: Mary Anna Labato, DVM, DACVIM


Weeks 3-4 (Real Time Session May 30 and June 6, 2023): Electrolyte Disorders
Presenters: Beth Davidow, DVM, ACVECC
Susan Klein, DVM, PVT, ACVIM (SAIM)


Weeks 5-6 (Real Time Session June 13 and 20, 2023): Special Problems in Fluid Therapy
Presenters: Tony Johnson, DVM, DACVECC
Rachael Carpenter, DVM


Successful completion (scoring 80% or better) on the end-of-course test is required to earn a certificate of completion for the course. To learn more about the requirements for earning a CE certificate, please refer to Receiving Your CE Credit and Course Completion Certificate.

Course Materials: Course materials will be available in the course library prior to each Real Time Session.
Required Textbook(s): There is no required textbook for this course.


Enrollment is closed.  

Tuition: Member $276 ($248 early bird special if enrolled by April 25, 2023)
Non-Member $413 ($372 early bird special if enrolled by April 25, 2023)
Prices are listed in US dollars.


*Enroll in both Fluids and Electrolytes courses (SAIM102-0423 and SAIM103-0523) before April 16, 2023 and receive the discounted enrollment price: Member $391 Non-Member $599


*To ensure participants are ready and prepared for classes, enrollment will close on May 16, 2023 at 5 pm ET (USA) or when the maximum number of participants is reached.

*For more information on how online CE works, see the Participant Resource Center.


Enrollment qualifications:
  1. VIN CE Courses:
    1. VIN CE courses are open to VIN member, VIN student member, and non-member veterinarians.
    2. Veterinary support staff must be VSPN members in order to enroll in a VIN CE course open to VSPN member enrollment.
  2. VSPN CE Courses:
    1. VSPN CE courses are open to veterinary support staff and veterinarians.
    2. Only VIN and VSPN members can enroll in a VSPN CE course.
    3. Veterinarians will only receive credit for those VSPN CE courses that specify in the Accreditation statement that the course is accredited for veterinarians.
  3. Please check the course Level and Prerequisites, Accreditation, and Tuition before enrolling.
  4. Each enrollee must be able to receive emails from @vspn.org and @vin.com addresses.
    1. Email is our major form of communication with participants; personal emails are highly recommended rather than clinic/hospital email addresses.
  5. For further assistance call 800-846-0028 ext. 797 or email CEonVIN@vin.com. Please include the course title, your full name, and contact information in your correspondence.


Course withdrawal and refund policy: A complete refund of the paid course price will be issued when your withdrawal request is received prior to the listed start date of the course. If you wish to withdraw after the start date please contact the VIN office 800-846-0028 ext. 797 to discuss eligibility for a pro-rated refund.

*For more information on VIN's upcoming CE courses, check the VIN Course Catalog.

Katherine James, DVM, PhD, DACVIM (SAIM)
VIN Education Director

VIN CE Services: CEonVIN@vin.com
800-846-0028 or 530-756-4881; ext. 797
or direct line to VIN/VSPN from the United Kingdom: 01 45 222 6154
or direct line to VIN/VSPN from Australia: 02 6145 2357