Behavior

Why Do Cats Pee in the House? Part 1: The Pet Owner's Perspective

Inappropriate elimination is a common reasons for cats to go to shelters

Published: January 08, 2018
cat-pee-floor-scolded

My house is a toilet.

I don't mean it has a toilet; it actually has two. I mean the entire house has been used as though it were a toilet by my cat, Dickens. Mr. Sensitive is about 11 years old, has more than a few medical issues, and sometimes he pees all over the house. Sometimes he poops wherever too, but mostly it's urine. Sometimes he pees on piles of clothing or he will just squat on the rug. He’s so sensitive to stress that I suspect he does it when you look at him cross-eyed.

Thankfully his favorite place to go outside the litter box is the same room where two of the three are located: the basement. That's his room. It is off-limits to the dog so he can do his Greta Garbo thing there when he "just wants to be alone." Thankfully I never remodeled the room into a finished basement; I don't think all the odor will ever come out of it. Sometimes it's so strong that the pee smell wafts up from the basement through the heating vents. Even a diluted odor of cat pee is enough to turn my stomach. In summer when it's hot and humid, it's really disgusting.

Dickens has some medical issues that predispose him to this behavioral nightmare. He's had crystals in his urine, so he connects bladder discomfort to using the litter box. Thanks, Dr. Pavlov! He also has an easily offended GI tract thanks to inflammatory bowel disease, for which he takes prednisone. At this point he has six teeth left (after one of the many extractions, the vet said "He's just got crappy teeth, that's all"). I get upset when I'm sick too, but I don't act out the way he does. Well, that's not actually true. I eat more than I normally do - sweets are my poison - so I guess we all have our behavioral quirks. Peeing outside the box is typical of his species, and eating a mountain of baked goods is common in mine.

Stress is a major contributor. While he doesn't seem to have any stress at the moment - and you never know what a cat will construe as stress - for years he lived with an English setter who liked to chase him once in a while, and after each interaction Dickens would be sporting fur sponged with saliva. I sometimes wonder if he has kitty PTSD.

I've heard that when cats engage in inappropriate elimination (a nice euphemism for "pees anywhere and everywhere") they are raging against the world. I guess if he pees on the dishwasher, he’s raging against the machine.

If you know anything about cats, you know cat pee is far more foul-smelling than dog pee, and a lot stronger. It could be used as a weapon of nasal destruction. Dog pee is just a mild yellow liquid that doesn’t want to hurt anyone; you just don’t want it around; it’s like that annoying friend you had as a kid who smelled like vegetable soup.

Cat pee, on the other hand, is that neighborhood bully your parents forced you to play with, the one who set fire to your Legos, stomped on your Barbie Playhouse, ripped the cape off your Batman action figure and flushed it, and used firecrackers to blow up your prize model airplanes that you spent hours building. (Scott Thurber, I’m looking right at you!)

Plus, cat pee is tenacious. It doesn't seem to wash out of things. I've thrown away a suitcase, towels, clothing, and some rugs because I couldn't get the odor out. I finally found some powdered laundry stain and odor remover that helps. Its label indicated it could be used on floors, so a while ago I tried that in the basement, with the best success of anything I have ever used. He's been great for the past few months.

What sets him off, or should I say, pisses him off? I’ll never know for sure as a cat’s mind is a dark, dank and mysterious place, much like my basement. But I have some ideas. He seems especially ticked when someone stays at the house.

I think the recent détente is because there hasn't been any company lately other than the house sitter he adores (finding him was a miracle). Dickens is particularly persnickety about out-of-town guests or remodeling; those bring out a total pee-fest. I understand the remodeling, and I guess the problem with out-of-town guests is the length of time they spend compared to having someone over for dinner.

Cleaning up the pee and eliminating that “Hey – pee here!” scent is important in managing this frustrating problem (more on this in part 2). I'm not foolish enough to think that he's never going to pee in the house again just because I once cleaned the basement floor with something that actually worked, but I'm certainly going to keep using that cleaner. While it cuts the smell for my weak human nose, his super-powered kitty nose can probably still smell it. Lingering pee scent tells him it's okay to go anywhere he smells it, even though I tell him it is totally not okay. His English is sketchy, and my meow is poor; I wonder if cats ever feel like tourists in a foreign country. Posting a sign in the living room that says 不要在这里小便 ("Do not urinate here" in Chinese*) will not improve matters, and he responds quizzically when I speak Italian to him: Il mio gatto caro, ti adoro, ma non urini qui!

I love this cat with all my heart, but when he's using the house as a toilet, I’m tallying how many lives he’s already used up. Okay, totally kidding there, but my frustration is deep. Inappropriate elimination is one of the most common reasons for cats to be relinquished at the shelter, but many people don't try enough options to correct the situation. I'd much rather have him in my life with a stinky basement and a few dark spots on the hardwood floors than a clean basement without him.

In part 2 of this piece, Dr. Tony Johnson explains some of the medical causes for inappropriate urination and how veterinarians deal with it - and why they hate it too.


*That's what Google Translate says it is in Chinese. I apologize if it actually says "The dog is slobbering again."

7 Comments

C
December 22, 2021

I know it's been a few years... But wanted to leave this for anyone who stumbles upon this page, as I have -- In response to Sasha's comment: The odor from cat urine is due to the ammonia... All urine has ammonia in it, but a cat's urine has significantly more than a dog's, or human's, etc.. Hence the nauseatingly strong smell. I assure you it has nothing to do with whether or not an animal has been neutered or spayed... I've had neutered male cats, not neutered, spayed females and not spayed, and there is ZERO difference in urine odor. One other thing - I must say that I'm rather surprised that the risks associated with cat urine aren't mentioned in this article... Not only is cat urine just unpleasant as a scent, it's also incredibly toxic and poses serious health risks to humans who are exposed to it for prolonged periods of time. The fact the author said she could smell it wafting up from the basement, and that in the summer it was unbearable, means there were dangerously high levels of ammonia in that house that she was breathing in on a daily basis for a long time... It's crucial for cat urine to be cleaned up immediately, b/c as it dries and crystalizes, the ammonia becomes more concentrated and thus more toxic as it evaporates and enters into the air circulation in a homes duct work. The most serious side effect is respiratory illness, so people with a history of respiratory issues are high risk, as well as small children and seniors. Other symptoms include any that are also associated with allergies. That may not sound serious, however, consistent enough exposure could actually lead to a shortened life expectancy. So, when the author indicates she'd rather live with the smell than not have the cat, she's pushing some questionable, and irresponsible information out there. In addition to the health risks, excessive cat urine will completely destroy a home. It's not uncommon for homes that have had cats pissing all over them for years to be condemned by the city and destroyed. That is due to the toxicity of cat urine and the inability to effectively eliminate it entirely. I would urge anyone who's dealing an animal that won't stop urinating outside of their litter box to strongly consider rehoming them, euthanizing, or transitioning them to an outdoor pet (that's what I did, bc I couldn't bare the thought of putting her down!!)


C Adams
December 27, 2019

I have a female cat who has been diagnosed with crystals in her urine. We put her on the appropriate dry food for her issue and everything seemed to be fine. It’s been above several months later and she has urinated in our cats toy boxes. First the box is rectangular shaped like a small litter box but it’s weaved plastic and has the cats toys in there.  She squats and pees in it and did the same in the other one. The other thing to add is  their are tensions between the cats. If she’s in pain she showing no signs or maybe their aren’t any to see except her behavior. Need help!


Eileen
August 8, 2019

Spraying with white vinegar, no water added, removes any odor, especially pet urine. It will not leave any smell, not even the vinegar!


Mary
July 8, 2019

My cat had urinary issues (crystals, UTIs) for years and would often pee outside the box to get my attention that she was in pain.  We tried everything the vet recommended.  Then my meathead husband talked me into "Kitty Paleo" where we out here in a diet of raw meat only.  We use frozen prepackaged morsels of raw rabbit meat.  Although I hate admitting that he was right, my cats urinary issues have completely resolved.  Completely.  For several years now.  It's a miracle.


Christy Corp-Minamiji, DVM
June 28, 2019

Sasha, I can assure you the author of this article, Phyllis DeGioia, is a responsible, highly experienced pet owner and a career pet care journalist.  Dickens is neutered, and I don't believe Phyllis was "blaming" him despite the use of humor in the article. As you can see in part 2 https://www.vin.com/vetzinsight/default.aspx?pId=756&id=8384837 of this article series, inappropriate elimination is often complicated and can arise from a number of factors.


Sasha
June 27, 2019

I had 3 male cats, all neutered, for 12, 15 and 20 years respectively.  They all passed away. I now have 6 rescued male cats, all neutered, for 5 years. Not once have I had a problem with any of my neutered cats marking territory with their spraying.  And if for some reason their urine falls outside the litterbox, said urine is almost odorless... since the removal of tbe testicles means absence of the hormones and chemicals produced by them. I can only assume the cat in this story has not been neutered.  It's the job of every responsible and caring owner to neuter/spay his or her pets.  It's beneficial to the pet and also to its owner. Otherwise, said owner will have to pay the consequences....It's never the animal's fault - they are only following nature's calls. It's up to the human to do the humane,  rational thing.


Andrea Carlson
January 14, 2018

Please do share what type of laundry cleaner has been effective.  I also have a multiple cat household and a male sprayer.  So far, Prozac has seemed to help.  I think (though I know there are exceptions), that this behavior is more predominant in male cats.



VIN News Service commentaries are opinion pieces presenting insights, personal experiences and/or perspectives on topical issues by members of the veterinary community. To submit a commentary for consideration, email news@vin.com.



Information and opinions expressed in letters to the editor are those of the author and are independent of the VIN News Service. Letters may be edited for style. We do not verify their content for accuracy.




 
SAID=27